According to Denis McQuail, “a model is a selective representation in verbal or diagrammatic form of some aspect of the dynamic process of mass communication.”
On the other hand, a model of communication is a visual presentation of the multiple aspects of a communication situation. Communication is a complex process. It is quite difficult to determine where conversation starts and ends.
That is why, model of communication has been made to clear the concept. These will help you to simplify the process of communication. So, keep on reading this article.
Eight Major Models Of Communication
Here we divided 8 major models of communication in 3 categories. In the following passage, we will discuss each of these models in detail, starting from the Linear Communication Model.
So, let’s dive into it.
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Linear models —
Linear Communication Model is one-way communication. This model suggests a one-direction communication process. It means the communication takes in one direction. It has three elements:
-The channel,
-The sender, and
-The receiver.
Simply, the sender transmits the message via the channel. Here the medium is the channel, and it can change the message into speech, animation or writing. Then the receiver receives the message who decodes it.
This message is straightforward and it is used mainly in sales, marketing, PR and communication with customers. We have already mentioned the most popular linear models. Now, the time is more detailed. The most prominent linear models of communication are:
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Aristotle’s Model Of Communication
It is the oldest communication process. Researchers have stated that it was practiced from 300 BC. it is identified with three elements–
— Ethos- the speaker is considered as an authority, credibility, and power in a field of their choice.
—-Pathos- speaker connects the audience through the different emotions (anger, sadness, happiness, etc.)
—-Logos- the significant element in Aristotle’s model. It follows the rules of logic. Aside from these, the Aristotle model suggests five components of communication. They are- Speaker, speech, Occasion, target audience and effect.
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Laswell’s model
According to Laswell’s model, communication is the delivery of the message where the effect is the result. This model aims to answer 5 questions, they are-
- Who created the message?
Communicator
- What did they say?
Message
- What channel did they use (TV, radio, blog)?
Medium
- To whom did they say it?
Audience/Receiver
- What effect did it have on the receiver?
Effect
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The Shannon-Weaver model
It is the most popular communication model. It is strange that Shanon and Weaver are mathematics. They developed their work during the second world war and aimed to discover which channels are most effective for communicating.
The components of the Shannon-Weaver model of communication are encoders, decoder, sender, receiver and channel.
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Berlo’s S-M-C-R model
Berlo’s S-M-C-R model is unique in a sense because it gives detailed key elements in each step. This model explains communication in four steps– source, message, channel, and receiver.
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Interactive models
This model is about two-way dynamic communication models. This model is used in media communication and internet-based media. The main elements of these models are- sender, message, receiver, feedback, and field of experience.
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The Osgood-Schramm model
This model claims that there is no difference between the receiver and sender. Both are decoding and encoding messages. The interpreter is the person trying to understand the message.
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The Westley and Maclean model
This model is primarily used to explain mass communication. This model introduces the cultural and environmental factors to the communication process. This model consists of nine significant components- Environment, Sensory experience, Source/Sender, The object of the orientation of the source, Receiver, The object of the orientation of the receiver, Feedback, Gatekeepers, and Opinion leaders.
Apart from this, The Westley and Maclean model consider the object of the orientation (background, culture, and beliefs) of the receiver and sender message.
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Transactional Models
It is considered the most complicated conversion process. It is a two-way communication where the message gets more complicated as the communication is ahead. Its key components are encoding, decoding, communicators, the channel, the message, and noise.
Here communication is viewed as a transaction means a cooperative process in which communicators create shared meaning in a dynamic process. These models include:
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Barnlund’s Transactional Model
It is multi-layered feedback communication that explores interpersonal immediate feedback communication. The main elements of this model are encoding, communicators, the channel, the message, and decoding.
For better understanding, take a look at some examples, Face-to-face interactions, meetings, chat sessions, and telephone conversations.
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Dance’s helical model
Dance’s helical model is seen as a circular communication process. It makes more complex communication progress. That is why it is called a helical model.
This model explains a cycle where each communication encounter is different from the earlier one. Here the communication never repeats itself. On this note, in this process of communication, the feedback you get from the other party involved influences your next statement. Each cycle, you will get more knowledge, and you become more knowledgeable with every new cycle.
Final Words
These are all about the eight communication models. We try to resize the concept of each communication model because it has been seen that the audience can not understand the complicated theory of these eight communication models.
This article aims to gather all the information in an easy way for better understanding. Hopefully, we have successfully done this. If you have any doubts or question, please feel free to raise your question in the comment section below. We will surely reach you.
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Author Bio:
Chris Blair, a freelance writer. Constantly improving himself in this industry for more than eight years. He is loving every bit of it. His niches are technology, marketing, lifestyle, wellness, travel, and entertainment. Apart from writing, Chris loves to travel, binge-watch, research conspiracy theories, Instagram, and overthink. During her free time, He enjoys looking at the sky or reading books while sipping a cup of hot coffee. Now he is a valuable contributor to Simply Law Zone, World Newsinn, World Health Life, News Stoner, Voice Of Action, Exclusive Rights, Lower My Legal Fees, Istanagreen World, Circle Box Blog, Techrab, Tech Magnews, Plus Life Styles, News Profy, Worthy To Share, World Tech24, Proudly Updates, True Health Tips, Most Valued Business, Health Journal, Beauty And Style Guide, Women Magazine, Get The Feed.
